Partitioning
Partitioning keeps the cookies and other storage of an embedded third party separate for each top-level site, the site in the address bar. A third party embedded on news.example gets one storage area, and the same third party on shop.example gets another. It can still remember things within a site, such as a signed-in chat widget, but it can’t use storage to recognize the same browser across sites.
It sits between the two older options:
- Unpartitioned (shared): the third party gets the same cookies everywhere, so it can follow the user from site to site.
- Blocked: the third party gets no cookies at all, which also breaks legitimate embeds.
Try it
Pick a browser and a kind of third party: one on the browsers’ tracker lists, or an ordinary widget that isn’t, then visit the sites in any order. The log shows the cookie the third party receives on each visit, and whether it can link the visits together. The behavior matches each browser’s default settings as described in the comparison table.
Who partitions what
- Cookies: Firefox and Brave partition third-party cookies by default (Firefox blocks them outright for known trackers, Brave blocks the trackers’ requests). Chrome shares them unless the cookie opts in to partitioning with the
Partitionedattribute ( CHIPSCHIPS Cookies Having Independent Partitioned State. A cookie set with the Partitioned attribute can be used in third-party context, but it is partitioned by the top-level site. Supported by Chrome, Edge, Firefox and Safari 26.2+.), and so does Edge, except for known trackers, whose cookies it blocks. Safari blocks third-party cookies, but supports partitioned ones through CHIPS. - Other storage: all five browsers partition
localStorage, IndexedDB and similar storage in third-party frames. See Other browser storage in third-party context. - Network state: all five browsers also partition the HTTP cache, so cached files can’t be used to recognize a browser across sites. Safari has done this since 2013, Chrome since version 86 and Firefox since version 85.
Getting unpartitioned access back
Embedded content that genuinely needs its own cookies, such as a sign-in widget, can ask for them with the Storage Access APIStorage Access API A web API that lets content embedded in third-party context, such as an <iframe>, ask for access to its unpartitioned cookies, usually after a click and sometimes with a prompt to the user. See Safari for how it works there.. Chrome, Edge, Firefox and Safari support it. The browser may grant access automatically, after a click, or after asking the user: Safari and Chrome prompt for each embedded site, while Firefox only prompts once a site has asked on several sites. Safari also still grants access after the user interacts with the third party in a pop-up opened by the site (details).